Which type of waste is considered less hazardous than black water?

Gray water is considered less hazardous than black water primarily because of its composition. Black water contains human waste and sewage, making it much more contaminated and carrying a higher risk of pathogens that can cause illnesses. In contrast, gray water is typically generated from domestic activities such as washing dishes, laundry, and bathing. While gray water can contain some contaminants, it is generally less toxic and presents a lower health risk compared to black water.

Using gray water for non-potable purposes, such as irrigation and toilet flushing, is an established practice in many sanitation systems. This practice is not only safer than using black water but also helps in conserving water resources.

In the context of the other options, palatable water is safe for human consumption and has no comparison to waste types. Disinfected water refers to water that has been treated to remove or kill pathogens, further reducing its hazard level significantly. Irritants typically refer to substances that can cause irritation or adverse reactions but do not classify as waste themselves. This context helps emphasize why gray water is the appropriate answer for being less hazardous than black water.